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Step-by-Step Guide

Ramps and Access: Complete Installation Guide

Michael Roberts, Access Consultant
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Everything you need to know about wheelchair ramps including Australian Standards, types of ramps, materials, and installation requirements.

Installing a wheelchair ramp can provide essential access to your home. This guide covers everything you need to know about ramp design, regulations, and installation.

Australian Standards:

Ramps must comply with AS 1428.1 for accessibility:

  • Maximum gradient: 1:14 (for every 14cm horizontal, 1cm rise)
  • Preferred gradient: 1:20 for easier use
  • Minimum width: 1000mm (1200mm for two-way traffic)
  • Landings required every 9m of ramp length
  • Handrails: 865-1000mm height, both sides

    • Types of Ramps:

    1. Permanent Ramps

  • Constructed from concrete or timber
  • Built to last decades
  • Requires council approval
  • Higher initial cost
  • Best for long-term needs

    • 2. Modular Ramps

  • Aluminum or steel construction
  • Can be reconfigured or relocated
  • Quicker installation
  • No concrete required
  • Good for rental properties

    • 3. Portable Ramps

  • Lightweight aluminum
  • For temporary use or travel
  • Folds for transport
  • Limited to shorter distances
  • Not suitable as permanent solution

    • Design Considerations:

    Entry Point:

  • Front door vs. side/back entry
  • Undercover options for weather protection
  • Integration with existing architecture
  • Space available for ramp length

    • Materials:

  • Concrete: Durable, requires less maintenance
  • Timber: Natural look, requires treatment
  • Aluminum: Lightweight, non-slip surface
  • Steel: Very strong, needs rust protection

    • Surface:

    Must be slip-resistant in all weather conditions. Options include:

  • Textured concrete
  • Non-slip tape on timber
  • Perforated aluminum
  • Rubber matting

    • Landings:

    Required at:

  • Top and bottom of ramp
  • Before and after doors
  • Direction changes
  • Every 9m maximum

    • Handrails:

  • Required both sides if ramp rises over 190mm
  • Must extend 300mm beyond top and bottom
  • Round profile, 30-50mm diameter
  • Must support 90kg load

    • Lighting:

  • Illuminate full length of ramp
  • Motion-sensor lights recommended
  • Avoid glare and shadows

    • Cost Guide:

    Simple timber ramp (1-2m): $2,000-$4,000

    Modular aluminum ramp: $3,000-$8,000

    Concrete ramp with handrails: $8,000-$20,000+

    Funding:

  • NDIS covers reasonable and necessary ramps
  • My Aged Care for eligible seniors
  • Council grants may be available
  • DVA for eligible veterans

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